Madonna and Child was painted by one of the most influential artists of the late 13th and early 14th century, Duccio di Buoninsegna. This iconic image of the Madonna and Child, seen throughout the history of western art, holds significant value in terms of stylistic innovations of religious subject matter that would continue to evolve for centuries.

The Madonna and Child is understood to be an intimate, devotional image.

Some evocations of this understanding come from the burnt edges on the bottom of the original engaged frame caused by burning candles that likely would have sat just beneath Looking past the abrupt simplicity of the image, one can begin to understand the changes Duccio was applying to the depiction of religious figures in painting during the early 14th century. Duccio followed other innovative Italian artists of the time like Giotto, both of whom strove to move beyond the purely iconic Byzantine and Italo-Byzantine canon and attempted to create a more tangible connection between the viewer and the objects in the painting. For example, the parapet that sits at the bottom of the painting works as a visual enticement for the viewer to look past and into the moment that is captured between the Virgin and Christ Child. At the same time, the parapet also acts as a barrier between the vernacular world and the sacred.

The flight into Egypt is a story recounted in the Gospel of Matthew (Matthew 2:13–23) and in New Testament apocrypha. Soon after the visit by the Magi, an angel appeared to Joseph in a dream telling him to flee to Egypt with Mary and the infant Jesus since King Herod would seek the child to kill him. The episode is frequently shown in art, as the final episode of the Nativity of Jesus in art, and was a common component in cycles of the Life of the Virgin as well as the Life of Christ. Within the narrative tradition, iconic representation of the "Rest on the Flight into Egypt" developed after the 14th century.

when the Magi came in search of Jesus, they went to Herod the Great in Jerusalem to ask where to find the newborn "King of the Jews". Herod became paranoid that the child would threaten his throne, and sought to kill him (2:1–8). Herod initiated the Massacre of the Innocents in hopes of killing the child (Matthew 2:16–Matthew 2:18). But an angel appeared to Joseph in a dream and warned him to take Jesus and his mother into Egypt (Matthew 2:13).

Egypt was a logical place to find refuge, as it was outside the dominions of King Herod, but both Egypt and Judea were part of the Roman Empire, linked by a coastal road known as "the way of the sea",making travel between them easy and relatively safe

 

Federico Cantú 1907-1989 Mexican Artist

Born in 1907 in Cadereyta de Jimenez, Nuevo León, Federico Cantú was a prodigious talent who with barely fourteen years of age began his artistic career. In 1922 he enrolled at Alfredo Ramos Martínez, a newly established experimental school in Coyoacán, Mexico City. There he learned from his teacher's impressionistic techniques and before long he began working as an assistant to Diego Rivera, who newly arrived from Europe and was about to unleash an extravagant mural project that would change Mexico City and propel the careers of numerous artists.

Mexican philanthropist
and intellectual Raúl Rangel Frías eloquently described Federico Cantu's colors as full of

lyrical emotions, his luminous reds and greens create and add substance to the immaterial assets of the painting. Indeed, he believed the artist had a magic touch that enable him to endow his pigments with life. More importantly, he considered Cantu's way of painting, even as a young artist, full of energy as the delicate lines of his compositions conveyed rhythmic design.

However, Cantú did not stay long in Mexico City and sailed for Paris in 1924 where he lived a bohemian lifestyle for almost a decade. Almost immediately after his arrival, he found himself amid all the avant-garde luminaries such as Pablo Picasso, Mateo Hernández, José Decrefft , Lino Eneas Spilimbergo, Gino Severini , Tsugouharu Foujita, the surrealists André Breton, Paul Eluard, José Moreno Villa, Cesar Vallejo, Antonion Artaud (who lived in Mexico in Cantu's house in 1936) and others.

While living in Paris, Cantú goes to California to have his first big art exhibition where his Madonnas and Virgins were displayed. The devotion to the sacred art is a constant theme in his work since his days at Escuela al Aire Libre de Coyoacán, increasing gradually until 1928 when Cantú painted his first mural in Pasadena in which he included the figure of the "Cristo Negro".

In the manner of Botticelli, Cantú portrayed the Madonna, as well as the "Descanso en la Huida a Egipto", where the Virgin and the Child are the central figures. The series of ink drawings in Cantú's sketchbooks also narrate a lot of biblical themes where, in the young artist's mind, woman represent a duality, which in one hand represents a symbol of fertility and in the other a symbol of eroticism.

Federico Cantú said on his return to Paris in 1930: "I found that my atelier had been leased and the works were sold to the highest bidder. I must have lost thousands of paintings including drawings, sculptures, sketches and oils".

At that time Federico did not imagine that although he arrived back in Paris with the idea of completing the ten-year cycle he had begun in 1924, his work would be soon once more lost because, as told by Antonin Artaud in his 1936 visit to Mexico, France was faced by the uncertainty of another war.

When Cantu returned to Mexico, he had extraordinary art exhibitions together with Diego Rivera, Rufino Tamayo, Jose Clemente Orozco and Doctor Atl. Soon after he painted the Le Papillon.
The portable mural "Life, passion and death of the harlequin" (Papillon Bar, 1934), reflects the bohemian spirit of Montparnasse. The figure of the harlequin accompanied by female nudes, was a result of the immense inspiration Cantú acquired from his time in Paris.

A year later Cantu starts a long exhibition career in California at the Stendahl Galleries where Picasso's "Guernica" was also displayed at the same time.

Throughout his life, Federico was attracted to the world of mythology, as demonstrated by two of his earliest paintings: Ícaro (1926) and Orféo (1926).

Cantú, as a tireless engraver and sculptor, recreates scenes and characters taken from the Greco-Roman and Mesoamerican mythology, describing myths and narrating religious stories while including Catholic iconography.

Federico Cantú carries on the religious theme by painting years later the "Purísima Church in Monterrey", the "Parish Church of San Miguel de Allende", the "Former Convent of San Diego" and the "Capilla de los Misioneros de Guadalupe" in Mexico City, and of course in the Collection of Paintings located in the Vatican Museums.

Cantú's work also shows a series of mythological figures such as Ulysses, Apollo, Diana, Nestor, Cassandra, Eurydice, the Minotaur, Penelope, and mythical creatures like centaurs, unicorns, fauns and muses.

With the fusion of narrative and history, Federico Cantú becomes a grand master of artistic engravings. The plates, delicately worked from an ink drawing with astonishing freehand strokes, constitute the extraordinary testimony of a life dedicated to art, engraved for eternity on plates of copper, zinc, gold, silver, steel and stone.

Adolfo Cantú
Mexico City, December 2022

Cantú Y de Teresa Collection 

   Desde ahora todas las generaciones me llamarán bienaventurada

Pintor Federico Cantú 1907-1989

Proyecto para grabado al buril

Letanía Lauretana

CYDT

María (en arameo, מרים‎, romanizado: Mariam), madre de Jesús de Nazaret, fue una mujer judía de Nazaret de Galilea que, según diversos pasajes neotestamentarios pertenecientes al Evangelio de Mateo, al Evangelio de Lucas y a los Hechos de los Apóstoles, como también distintos textos apócrifos tales como el Protoevangelio de Santiago, vivió entre fines del siglo I A. C. y mediados del siglo I D. C. También el Corán (siglo vii), libro sagrado del islam, la presenta como madre de Jesús (Isa), bajo su nombre árabe, Maryam o Miriam.

La presencia de María es atestiguada por las principales corrientes del cristianismo primitivo que terminaron por integrar el canon bíblico: primero, de forma alusiva, en el cristianismo paulino,6 y luego, con mayor énfasis en el cristianismo sinóptico y joánico, donde se la considera una personalidad cualificada y en más de un sentido única, partícipe singular de un momento clave de la Historia de la salvación, la encarnación de Jesucristo y copartícipe de otros dos, la crucifixión y muerte de Jesús,y la conformación de la primera comunidad cristiana orante inmediatamente antes de la venida del Espíritu Santo en Pentecostés

El Evangelio de Mateo11​ y el Evangelio de Lucas​ presentan a María como una joven virgen cuando, en la Anunciación, supo que estaba encinta por obra del Espíritu Santo, sin concurso de varón.1 Por esto, a menudo se la llama la «Virgen María», o simplemente «la Virgen», en las Iglesias católica, ortodoxa, copta, en la Comunión anglicana y en otras denominaciones cristianas.

En las Iglesias ortodoxas y en la Iglesia católica se le atribuyen facultades de intercesión ante Jesucristo, siguiendo a san Ireneo de Lyon (siglo II) y lo narrado en el Evangelio de Juan sobre su intervención en las bodas de Caná​ En las Iglesias antes citadas, la devoción a ella se manifiesta a través de expresiones diversas, que van desde declaraciones dogmáticas y doctrinales marianas, hasta oraciones a ella dedicadas, y títulos con los que se la identifica, tales como «Madre de Dios», o su correspondiente término en griego, «Theotokos», este último adjudicado a ella tempranamente en el Concilio de Éfeso de 431 y muy utilizado por la Iglesia ortodoxa. También se la llama «Bienaventurada Virgen María», en línea con el texto evangélico:

Desde ahora todas las generaciones me llamarán bienaventurada

 Grabado al buril Letanía Lauretana 1947

La Purísima – Monterrey NL

Capilla de los Misioneros de Guadalupe

 

Proyecto mural y Vitral La ultima Cena & Calvario

 

Arte sacro monumental

 

El arte sacro es una denominación utilizada para todas aquellas producciones artísticas que tienen como fin un culto a lo sagrado o divino. Durante el trayecto de los siglos el cual se reconoce la fe, encontramos que el arte sacro intenta determinar cada pasaje y aspectos divinos por medio de pinturas, esculturas y mosaicos.

 Las representaciones más frecuentes en la Iglesia católica por ejemplo nos muestran el bautismo, el juicio, la crucifixión, la muerte y la resurrección de Jesucristo, también nos muestran a la Virgen María o imágenes de la Biblia

 

El arte sacro era común en la Edad Media europea, pero muchos de los mayores maestros fueron mandados por la Iglesia católica durante el renacimiento. Fue durante ese tiempo cuando Miguel Ángel pintó la Capilla Sixtina y talló la Pietà, Gian Lorenzo Berninicreó las columnas en la Basílica de San Pedro y Leonardo da Vinci pintó La Última Cena. 

 

Uno de los temas cristianos más comunes es el de una mujer (la Virgen María) cogiendo en los brazos a un niño (el hijo, Jesús). El otro tema principal es el de Jesús sobre la cruz.

que tienen como fin un culto a lo sagrado o divino. 

 

El género del arte sacro perdió la mayor parte de su vigor desde el Renacimiento, pero los temas son todavía populares como muestra la obra de Federico Cantú en el siglo xx con obras como sus viacrucis , calvarios , crucifixiones y pasajes bíblicos , todos ellos llevados a la monumentalidad pasando por la grafica, tinta y pintura de caballete.

 

La última cena es la comida final que, en los relatos evangélicos, Jesús compartió con sus apóstoles en Jerusalén antes de su crucifixión. La última cena es conmemorada por los cristianos, especialmente el Jueves Santo. La última cena provee de base bíblica a la eucaristía, también conocida como "sagrada comunión" o la "cena del Señor".

La Primera carta de Pablo a los corintios menciona la última cena. Los cuatro evangelios canónicos afirman que tuvo lugar en la semana de la Pascua, días después de la entrada triunfal en Jerusalén y poco antes de que Jesús fuese crucificado esa misma semana.

 

Durante la comida, Jesús predijo que iba a ser traicionado por uno de los apóstoles presentes y que, antes de la mañana siguiente, Pedro iba a negar tres veces haberle conocido. 

 

Los tres evangelios sinópticos y la Primera carta de Pablo a los corintios incluyen la narración de la institución de la eucaristía, en la cual Jesús tomó pan, lo rompió y lo dio a los otros diciendo que era su "cuerpo" (los apóstoles no son mencionados explícitamente en la carta). 

El Evangelio de Juan no narra este hecho, pero cuenta que Jesús lavó los pies de los apóstoles (Juan 13:1-15) dando un mandamiento nuevo: "amaos los unos a los otros como yo os he amado" (Juan 13:33-35). Juan también relata un discurso de despedida, en el que llama a los apóstoles "amigos y no siervos", a medida que los prepara para su partida (Juan 14-17)Algunos académicos han considerado que la última cena es la fuente de las primeras tradiciones eucarísticas cristianas

 Adolfo Cantú 

Colección de Arte Cantú Y de Teresa